AOE 4140
Spacecraft Dynamics and Control
CRN 10335
Instructor: Dr. Chris
Hall, Randolph 215, 231-2314,
cdhall@vt.edu
Lectures: M W F 11:15
– 12:05, Randolph 221
Office hours: 9:30 –
10:30 M W F (or by appointment)
Text: Spacecraft
Attitude Dynamics and Control, C. D. Hall,
Lecture Notes posted on Handouts
page.
Space missions and how pointing requirements affect attitude
control
systems. Rotational kinematics and
attitude determination algorithms.
Modeling and analysis of the attitude dynamics of space vehicles. Rigid body dynamics, effects of energy
dissipation. Gravity gradient, spin,
and dual spin stabilization. Rotational
maneuvers. Environmental torques. Impacts of attitude stabilization techniques
on mission performance.
Prerequisites: AOE 4134
and AOE 3034.
(3H, 3C). This course is offered for both undergraduate and
graduate
credit (3 hours).
Goal: To introduce
students to the dynamics and control problems of
pointing spacecraft.
Homework Policy: There
will be homework assignments
approximately once per week, and the assignment will specify the due
date. Homework must be turned in to me at
the
beginning of the lecture hour on the due date.
Late homework will not normally be accepted.
Some computer work will be required; MatLab is recommended, and
I
will teach MatLab to interested students.
Grading
Policy: Homework 20%
Midterm I 25%
Midterm II 25%
Final Exam 25%
Wild Card
5%
Honor Code: The University Honor
Code will be maintained. You are
encouraged
to discuss homework assignments with your instructor, teaching
assistant, and
classmates. However, all work submitted for a grade must reflect your
own
understanding of the material. You may
not copy answers to homework problems and you may not assist others or
seek
assistance on exams.
Topics: (approximate
number of lectures, text reference) Objective
Introduction and Overview of
attitude control concepts (2, Ch. 1
and Handout)
Identify the principal characteristics, applications, advantages and
disadvantages of various attitude control concepts.
Mission Analysis (3, Ch. 2)
Understand the geometry of space mission analysis and how it applies to
the
attitude determination and control subsystem requirements and design.
Attitude Kinematics (4, Ch. 3)
Understand the description of attitude kinematics using reference
frames,
rotation matrices, Euler parameters, Euler angles, and quaternions.
Attitude Determination (4, Ch.
4)
Understand the measurements required to determine the attitude of a
spacecraft. Understand basic attitude
determination
algorithms.
Rigid Body Dynamics (4, Ch. 5)
Understand the equations of motion for rigid bodies, including modeling
assumptions, angular momentum, Euler's equations, moments of inertia,
and the solutions
for an axisymmetric body.
Satellite Attitude Dynamics (10,
Ch. 6)
Know the environmental forces and moments affecting satellite motion. Apply basic dynamics analysis to the
attitude dynamics of spin, dual-spin, three-axis, and gravity gradient
stabilized
satellites, including the effects of energy dissipation.
Momentum Exchange Systems (4,
Chs. 5 and 6)
Understand and apply basic relations for gyroscopic instruments and for
reaction wheel (RW) and control moment gyro (CMG) control systems. Understand the similarities and differences
between RW and dual-spin systems.
Attitude Control (4, Ch. 8)
Understand the application of basic linear control theory to basic
attitude
control problems.
Possible Additional Topics: Tethered
satellites, Rotational maneuvers,
Effects of flexibility and liquid fuel slosh
Other Spacecraft Dynamics Books:
V. V. Beletsky and E. M. Levin, Dynamics of Space Tether Systems,
1993, Univelt.
This is an excellent monograph on tethered spacecraft.
The second author drew all the illustrations
of tethers.
V. A. Chobotov, Spacecraft Attitude Dynamics and Control,
1991,
Orbit Books.
This book covers all the right topics, but the notational inconsistency
and
errors make it difficult to use.
P. C. Hughes, Spacecraft Attitude Dynamics, 1986, Wiley.
This is an excellent text on the attitude dynamics (no control) of
rigid and
“quasi-rigid” spacecraft, especially the stability analysis. The author uses vector and tensor notation
extensively.
T. R. Kane, P. W. Likins and D. A. Levinson, Spacecraft Dynamics,
1983, McGraw-Hill.
This book does several advanced topics using “Kanesian” dynamics. If you haven’t studied his method, this is a
bit of work.
M. H. Kaplan, Modern Spacecraft Dynamics & Control,
1976,
Wiley.
Comparable to Wiesel’s book. Several
advanced problems worked out in some detail.
L. Meirovitch, Methods of Analytical Dynamics, 1970,
McGraw-Hill.
The last couple of chapters of this book cover several spacecraft
dynamics
problems from the Lagrangian and Hamiltonian points of view.
F. P. J. Rimrott, Introductory Attitude Dynamics, 1989,
Springer-Verlag.
Similar to Hughes, except uses scalar notation. Includes
flexibility effects.
M. J. Sidi, Spacecraft Dynamics and Control, 1997,
Cambridge.
A “practical engineering approach” to both orbital and attitude
dynamics and
control.
W. T. Thomson, Introduction to Space Dynamics, 1986, Dover.
An excellent and affordable introduction to a variety of topics in
spacecraft
dynamics.
J. R. Wertz, editor, Spacecraft Attitude Determination and
Control,
1978, D. Reidel.
This is a monumental tome written by many people. It
is quite application-oriented, with many examples.
W. E. Wiesel, Spaceflight Dynamics, McGraw-Hill, 2nd
edition, 1997
The following journals publish
papers on space dynamics:
Acta Astronautica
Celestial Mechanics and
Dynamical Astronomy
IEEE Transactions on
Automatic Control
Johns Hopkins APL
Technical Digest
Journal of Guidance,
Control and Dynamics
Journal of Spacecraft and
Rockets
Journal of the Astronautical
Sciences
Journal of the British
Interplanetary Society
RCA Review
The following Proceedings series
have papers on space dynamics:
Advances in the
Astronautical Sciences (American Astronautical Society)
Progress in Aeronautics and
Astronautics (AIAA)